ASSESSMENT OF THE PRODUCTION SYSTEM AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN SELECTED LAYER CHICKEN FARMS IN BATANGAS, PHILIPPINES

Monette S. De Castro, Veneranda A. Magpantay, Christine B. Adiova, Mark Dondi M. Arboleda

Abstract


Poultry farming, particularly layer chicken production, plays a significant role in food security and the agricultural economy. Understanding layer chicken farms' production systems and management practices is essential for improving productivity while ensuring sustainability. Despite the critical role of layer chicken farming in local economies, there is a need to assess current practices and management systems employed by farmers to identify areas for improvement. This study aims to fill the gap in knowledge by assessing the management practices and production systems of 100 commercial layer farms in Batangas. Farmers were randomly selected and interviewed using structured questionnaires. Results showed that 87% of farmers' rearing and housing systems were intensive/complete confinement and open-sided, while slatted was the common type of flooring used during the brood-grow period. Dekalb and Lohmann were the common chicken layer strains reared by farmers. Practices on feeding, water management, record keeping, and marketing of eggs conformed with the provisions of PNS/BAFS:184:2016 and PNS/BAFS 209:2017. Applying new technologies and husbandry practices through training and demonstrations could be implemented to improve layer chicken raising in the province. This research provides valuable insights for farmers, policymakers, and researchers to enhance the sustainability and biosecurity of layer chicken farming in Batangas.


Keywords


layer chicken farms, marketing, production system, marketing

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abah HO, Nwankwo AU, and Orgem CM. 2019. Waste management practices in selected poultry farms and its effect on the environment and human health in Makurdi, Nigeria. Int J Environ Agric Biotechnol 4(1):121–127.

Adedeji OS, Amao SR, Alabi TJ, and Opebiyi OB. 2014. Assessment of poultry production system in Ilesha West local government area of Osun State, Nigeria. Sch J Agric Vet Sci 1(1):20–27.

Ali M, Farooq M, Durrani FR, Chand N, Sarbiland K, and Riaz A. 2003. Egg production performance and prediction of standard limits for traits of economic importance in broiler breeders. Int J Poult Sci 2(4): 275-279.

Arvanitoyannis IS. 2009. HACCP and ISO 22000: Application to foods of animal origin. 1st ed. United Kingdom: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Association of Southeast Asian Nations [ASEAN]. (2021). ASEAN Biosecurity Management Manual for Commercial Poultry Farming (AMAF‑33 Biosecurity Manual). Retrieved on January 12, 2022 from https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/AMAF-33-Biosecurity-Manual.pdf.

Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Standards [BAFS]. 2016. The Philippine National Standard (PNS) Code of good animal husbandry practices for chickens – Broilers and Layers. PNS/BAFS 184:2016. ICS 65.030.20. Retrieved on January 12, 2022 from https://rb.gy/7bos8l.

Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Standards [BAFS]. 2017. The Philippine National Standard (PNS) Code of hygienic practice for table eggs. PNS/BAFS 209:2017. ICS 67.020.20. Retrieved on January 12, 2022 from https://bafs.da.gov.ph/index.php/approved-philippine-national-standards/.

Byarugaba DK, Olsen JE, and Katunguka-Rwakishaya E. 2002. Production, management and marketing dynamics of the rural scavenging poultry in Uganda. Second FAO/INFPD Electronic Conference on Family Poultry 2002 on Bangladesh Model. Retrieved on May 23, 2023 from http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/themes/fr/infpd/documents/econf_bang/add_paper9.html.

Damaziak K, Musielak M, Musielak C, Riedel J, Gozdowski D, and Grzybek W. 2021. Effect of different rearing system on eggs production, hatchability, and offspring quality in layer breeders. Poult Sci 100(6):101101.

Department of Agriculture - Bureau of Agricultural Research [DA-BAR]. 2022. Philippine poultry layer industry roadmap 2022-2040. Retrieved on January 12, 2022 from www.pcaf.da.gov.ph/index.php/cir-layer/.

Devonish E, Pemberton CA, Ragbir S, and Dolly D. 2002. Record keeping among small farmers in Barbados. Paper presented at the CAES: 24th West Indies Agricultural Economics Conference, Grenada, July 2002, pp. 266 – 275.

Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations [FAO]. 2003. Egg marketing - A guide for the production and sale of eggs. FAO Agricultural Services Bulletin 150. Rome: FAO.

Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations [FAO]. 2020. Developing the layer farm assessment tool (LFAT): improving biosecurity and management in commercial layer farms in Indonesia. Report. Indonesia: FAO.

Habig C, Geffers R, and Distl O. 2012. Differential gene expression from genome-wide microarray analyses distinguishes Lohmann Selected Leghorn and Lohmann Brown layers. PLoS One 7(10):e46787.

Han MS, Kim JN, Jeon EO, Lee HR, Koo BS, Min KC, Lee SB, Bae YJ, Mo JS, Cho SH, Jang HS, and Mo IP. 2016. The current epidemiological status of infectious coryza and efficacy of PoulShot Coryza in specific pathogen-free chickens. J Vet Sci 17(3):323–330.

Hassan MR, Rabbani MAG, Sultana S, and Sarker NR. 2018. Effects of strains and temperature on production performance, egg qualities and physiological response of laying hens. Asian J Anim Vet Adv 13(3):253–262.

Ibrahim D, Goshu G, Esatu W, Bino G, and Abebe T. 2018. Comparative study of production and reproductive performance of various strains of chicken parent layers raised in floor pens. Ethiop J Agric Sci 28(3):79–93.

Irmasusanti, Isbandi, Prasetiyono BWHE, and Siregar AR. 2013. Productivity and profitability layer chicken farm using small scale feed mill production in Sidrap Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Int J Poult Sci 12(11):660–665.

Jacob JP, Wilson HR, Miles RD, Butcher GD, and Ben Mather F. 2014. Factors affecting egg production in backyard chicken flocks. University of Florida, IFAS Extension. Retrieved on May 23, 2023 from https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/PS029.

Johl SS and Kapur TR. 2007. Fundamentals of farm business management. 2nd ed. India: Kalyani Publishers.

Khan NA, Ali M, Ahmad N, Abid MA, and Kusch-Brandt S. 2022. Technical efficiency analysis of layer and broiler poultry farmers in Pakistan. Agric 12(10):1742.

Lohmann GB Limited. 2023. Lohmann LSL Classic & Lite free range management guide. Retrieved on January 12, 2022 from https://www.lohmanngb.co.uk/uploadedImages/1692203066-lsl_free_range_manual_-_100wks_-_v1.pdf.

Maoba S. 2016. Production performance and profitability analysis of small scale layer projects supported through CASP in Germiston region, Gauteng province. S Afr J Agric Ext 44(1):42–49.

Mariene C. 1995. An exploratory study on smallholders' perceptions of farm records in the Embu district of Kenya: A repertory grid technique, Curtin University of Technology. Retrieved on April 6, 2009 from www.muresk.curtin.edu.

Muhammad S, Tegegne F, and Ekanem E. 2004. Factors contributing to success of small farm operations in Tennessee. J Ext 42(4):17.

Nikita. 2021. An assessment of marketing channels of poultry products and constraints faced by poultry producers in Udaipur and Ajmer Districts of Rajasthan. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 10(03):1712-1717.

Okantah SA, Aboe PAT, Boa-Amponsem K, Dorward PT, and Bryant MJ. 2003. Small-scale chicken keeping in peri-urban Accra and Kumasi. A technical report on the DFID (LPP) Project No. R731. Animal Research Institute, Achimota, Ghana.

Oladeebo JO and Ojo SO. 2012. Economic appraisal of small and medium scale performance in poultry egg production in Ogun State, Nigeria. Afr J Agric Res 7(37):5170–5174.

Olegario P and Matawaran V. 2011. Future of poultry breeding and production: Profile of the chicken layer of 2020. Anim Husb Agric J.

Philippine Agricultural Engineering Standard [PAES]. 2001. PAES 403:2001 – Agricultural Structures – Housing for Layer Production.

Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development [PCAARRD]. 2008. PCAARRD Philippines Recommends for Table Egg Production. Philippines Recommends Series No. 23-B. 3rd ed. Los Baños, Laguna: DOST-PCAARRD.

Philippine Statistics Authority [PSA]. 2022. PSA Board Resolution No. 04 Series of 2022: Approving and adopting the revision in the classification of livestock and poultry farms from backyard and commercial to smallhold, semi-commercial and commercial farms, and the definitions by animal type. Retrieved on January 12, 2022 from https://rb.gy/w96h.

Poggio M. 2006. Farm management records. Retrieved on May 28, 2023 from www.srdc.gov.au.

Poultrymanual. 2018, April 4. Chicken breeds in the philippines and choosing the right one. Poultry manual. Retrieved on January 12, 2022 from https://poultrymanual.com/poultry-philippines-chicken-breeds.

Praharee TP. 2023. Record keeping in commercial poultry farms. Retrieved on May 28, 2023 from https://www.pashudhanpraharee.com/record-keeping-in-commercial-poultry-farms/.

Renema RA, Sikur VR, Robinson FE, Korver DR, and Zuidhof MJ. 2008. Effects of nutrient density and age at photostimulation on carcass traits and reproductive efficiency in fast- and slow-feathering turkey hens. Poult Sci 87(9):1897–1908.

Rocha JSR, Lara LJC, and Baião NC. 2008. Production and animal welfare - ethical and technical aspects of intensive poultry production. Vet Sci Trop 11:49-55.

Samkange A, Mushonga B, Kandiwa E, Kambode JN, Mbiri P, Gorejena B, and Madzingira O. 2020. Assessment of normal mortalities, biosecurity, and welfare of lohmann brown layers at a farm in Central Namibia. Int J Poult Sci 19(11):503–512.

Scott AB, Singh M, Toribio JA, Jover MH, Barnes B, Glass K, Moloney B, Lee A, and Groves P. 2017. Comparisons of management practices and farm design on Australian commercial layer and meat chicken farms: Cage, barn and free range. PLoS ONE 12(11):e0188505.

Sonaiya EB. 1990. The context and prospects for development of smallholder rural poultry production in Africa. Proceedings International Seminar on Smallholder Rural Poultry Production, 9-13 October, 1990, Thessaloniki, Greece, 1: 35-52.

Tangendjaja B. (2019, June 25). Perbandingan berbagai jenis ayam petelur cokelat hasil RST 2018. Poultry Indonesia. Retrieved on January 12, 2022 from https://www.poultryindonesia.com/id/perbandingan-berbagai-jenis-ayam-petelur-cokelat-hasil-rst-2018/.

Trampel DW, Holder TG, and Gast RK. 2014. Integrated farm management to prevent Salmonella enteritidis contamination of eggs. J Appl Poult Res 23(2):353–365.

Weeks CA, Brown SN, Richards GJ, Wilkins LJ, and Knowles TG. 2012. Levels of mortality in hens by end of lay on farm and in transit to slaughter in Great Britain. Vet Rec 170(25):647.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright © 2025 Philippine Society of Animal Science